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Glossary of Quick Coupling Terms lossary Flow Checking: Occurs when a nipple valve closes during flow conditions, GlossaryGlossary ofof QuickQuick CouplingCoupling TermsTerms such as when quickly lowering a heavy implement (a.k.a. check off, back Absolute Pressure: A measure of pressure having it's zero point at atmosphericchecking, lock-up). pressure. For example, the sum of atmospheric and gauge pressure would be absolute pressure (PSIG). For vacuum, it is expressed in inches of mercury.Flush Position (valve): A no-spill valve that allows connection and disconnection without spillage or air inclusion. (a.k.a. flush face, drybreak, Accidental Disconnection: Disconnection of a coupling while in operation dueno-spill). to failure of the locking mechanism (a.k.a. unintentional disconnection). Force to Connect: Axial and/or rotational force required to make a complete Accumulator: A container in which fluid is stored under pressure as a source ofconnection. reserve fluid power. Force to Disconnect: The reverse of the above. Aeration: Air in a fluid GPM: Acronym for Gallons Per Minute, a measure of flow. Air Inclusion: The ambient atmosphere forced into the system during the connection of quick disconnect halves. Leakage: The media that is intentionally released from a coupling due to component failure or retention weaknesses. Atmospheric Pressure: Pressure exerted by the atmosphere at any specific location. Sea level pressure is approximately 14.7 PSI. LPM: Acronym for Liters Per Minute, a measure of flow. Backpressure: Refers to pressure existing on the discharge side of a load.Induction Hardening: Hardening of a localized area of medium or high carbon steel. Bar: An international standard unit of pressure equal to 100,000 Pascals, approximately 14.5 PSI. Operating Pressure: The pressure at which a system is operated (a.k.a. working pressure). Blind-Mate: A coupling that can be automatically connected without human intervention and without visibility. Peak Pressure: Maximum momentary pressure encountered in the operation of a component (a.k.a. pressure spike, surge pressure) Break-Away: Automatic disconnection of a coupling when an axial separation force is applied. Pressure Cap: A cap which incorporates a seal capable of withstanding the rated pressures on the male half. Brinelling: Dimples or grooves worn into the shoulder of a male half by locking balls in the female half. This is terminology stemming from a test that is done toPressure Impulse Test: Subjecting a component to a specified pressure at a evaluate the hardness of metals. Swedish metallurgist, Johan August Brinellspecific rate of increase or decrease for a specified time limit. (1849-1925), developed a hardness test that measures the relative hardness of metals and alloys by forcing a 10 mm hard steel ball into a test piece with a 3000Proof Pressure: The nondestructive test pressure in excess of the maximum kg load for 30 seconds. After completion of the test, the surface area of therated operating pressure, generally 1.5 times the standard operating pressure. resulting indentation was measured. PSI: Acronym for Pounds Per Square Inch, a measure of pressure. Burst Pressure: The pressure at which a device loses the capability to retain pressure. Push to Connect: Locking arrangement which permits one handed connection by pushing the nipple into the coupler (a.k.a. automatic sleeve, automatic collar, Case Hardening: Hardening the entire surface of a low carbon steel to a specificautomatic connection). depth. Rotation: The act of spinning the coupler and nipple in opposite directions in a Cavitation: A localized gaseous condition within a liquid stream which occurscontinuous manner beyond 360�. where the pressure is reduced to the vapor pressure. Single Acting Sleeve: Making connection requires manually pulling female Charge Pressure: The pressure at which replenishing fluid is forced into thesleeve back, inserting the male tip (a.k.a. semi-auto sleeve, manual sleeve) hydraulic system (above atmospheric pressure). Sleeve Lock: A coupling arrangement that provides an additional lock which Check Valve: A valve which permits flow of media in one direction only.must be actuated before locking sleeve can be retracted (a.k.a. pin-lock, locking sleeve). Cold Flow: Continued deformation under load. Spillage: The fluid released from the system due to disconnection of a coupling Connect Under Pressure: The ability to connect coupling halves with internalassembly. This is the fluid trapped between the mating seal and the valve seal of line pressure applied to either both sides or one side. the coupling halves. Contamination: Any material foreign to a media that has a harmful effect on itsStatic Pressure: Pressure at rest that, once released, is not immediately performance in a system. replenished. Coupling, Female Half: a.k.a. coupler, socket, receiver Surge Flow: A rapid increase in fluid flow. Coupling, Male Half: a.k.a. nipple, plug, adapter Swivel: The act of spinning the coupler and nipple in opposite directions to a degree that is less than 360�. Coupling Quick Disconnect: A component which can quickly join or separate a fluid line without the use of tools or special devices. Thermal Build-Up: Pressure caused by expansion of a media due to heat from an external source such as sunlight (a.k.a. thermal expansion). Differential Pressure: (P) The difference in pressure between any two points of a system or a component, also known as Delta-P or pressure drop.Trapped Pressure: Pressurized hydraulic fluid trapped behind a closed coupling valve. Drybreak Coupling: A coupling that allows connection and disconnection without spillage or air inclusion (a.k.a. flush face, flat face, no-spill)Turbulence: Is the condition where the particles do not move smoothly parallel to the flow direction. Turbulent flow is caused by abrupt changes in direction, Double-Acting Sleeve: Permits push-to-connect and pull-to-connect changes of cross-section, or by high velocity. The result is increased friction, convenience when female half is mounted on the sleeve. which generates heat, decreases operating pressure and wastes power. Dust Cap: Dust or dirt repelling enclosure for the nipple. Twist Lock: A locking arrangement which requires a rotational actuation to unlock the mating halves. Dust Plug: Dust or dirt repelling enclosure for the coupler. Vacuum: Partially or completely exhausted of air, gas or other media to create a Dynamic Pressure: Pressure that is not at rest and once it is released, it isnegative pressure. Theoretically, a perfect vacuum would be measured as 30 immediately replenished. inches of mercury, but that is unattainable. The true perfect vacuum is 29.7 inches of mercury. 4 Dixon Quick Coupling pages 001 - 013.pmd 4 8/24/2007, 10:16 AM Glossary of Quick Coupling Terms
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