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Parker Hannifin Corporation
Tube Fittings Division
Columbus, Ohio
4300 Catalog
Appendix
Shear Strength:
The loaddividedby theoriginal cross-sectional
area of a section separated by a shear force.
Sour Environment:
Fluids containing water as a liquid and
hydrogen sulfide, and may cause sulfide stress cracking (SSC)
of susceptible materials.
Specific Gravity, Liquid:
The ratio of the weight of a given
volume of liquid to an equal volume of water.
Spot Facing:
Machining in the mating component, a flat seat
for a bolt head, nut, locknut or other similar element.
Springback:
(1)Theelastic recovery ofmetal after stressing. (2)
The degree to which metal tends to return to its original shape
or contour after undergoing a forming operation.
Stainless Steel:
Basically, low carbon alloy steels containing
at least 11.5% chromium. These steels are characterized by
their high resistance to corrosion.
Static Pressure Rating:
See pressure, rated static
Steel:
An iron-based alloy, containing: manganese, usually
carbon, and often other alloying elements.
Strain:
A measure of the relative change in size or shape of a
body. Example, linear strain is computed as the ratio of change
in length to the original length.
Stress:
The result of a force acting on a given surface area.
Computed as the ratio of the applied force to the affected
area.
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC):
Fracture in a material
resulting from the combined action of applied stress and
corrosive environment.
Stress Raisers/Concentration:
Changes in contour or
discontinuities in structure that cause local increases in
stress.
Stringer:
In wrought materials, an elongated configuration of
microconstituents or foreign material aligned in the direction
of working.
Sulfide Stress:
Brittle failure by cracking under the combined
action of tensile stress and corrosion in the presence of water
Cracking (SSC) and hydrogen sulfide.
Surge:
A transient rise of pressure or flow.
Swaging:
Forminga taper or a reductiononmetal products such
as rod and tubing by forging, squeezing or hammering.
Temperature, Ambient:
The temperature of the environment
in which the apparatus is working.
Tensile Strength:
In tensile testing, the ratio of maximum load
to original cross-sectional area.
TensileStrength,Ultimate:
Themaximumstress that amaterial
can withstand.
Torque:
Turning effort (moment) applied to a component for
fastening, tightening or assembling.
Torsion:
A twisting action resulting in shear stresses and
strain.
Toughness:
Ability of a metal to absorb energy and deform
without fracturing.
Tube:
Hollow, cylindrical products having outside diameters that
arenot standardized for threading. Tubesaredimensionally clas-
sified in terms of their outside diameters and wall thicknesses.
Upsetting:
Se
Vacuum:
Pressure less than ambient atmospheric pressure.
Vibra-Seal:
Vibra-Seal is a registered trademark of Loctite
Corporation.
Viscosity:
A measure of the internal friction or the resistance
of a fluid to flow.
Viton:
Viton is a registered trademark of E.I. Du Pont de
Nemours and Company.
Welding:
Joining two or more pieces of metal by applying heat,
pressureor bothwithor without fillermetal, toproducea localized
union through fusion or recrystallization across the interface.
Work Hardening:
An increase in hardness and strength
caused by plastic deformation at temperatures lower than the
recrystallization range. (Same as Strain Hardening. See also,
Cold Working.)
Working Pressure, Dynamic:
Working Pressure, Static:
Se
Yield Strength:
The maximum stress that can be applied to
a material, which upon removal, the material will return to
approximately its original shape.
Glossary
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