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SEO Version
4300 Catalog
Appendix
V17
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Tube Fittings Division
Columbus, Ohio
Glossary
Alloy:
A substance having metallic properties and composed
of two or more chemical elements of which at least one is a
metal.
Annealing:
Heat treating process used primarily to soften
metals or to stabilize their structures.
Boss:
A relatively short protrusion or projection from the surface
of a forging or casting, often cylindrical in shape.
Brass:
An alloy consistingmainly of copper (over 50%) and zinc,
to which smaller amounts of other elements may be added.
Braze 505:
Braze 505 is a trademark of the Handy & Harman
Company.
Brazing:
The joining of metals through the use of heat and
capillary flow of a filler metal. The filler metal having a melting
temperature above 840 degrees Fahrenheit, but below the
melting point of the metals being joined.
Bright Annealing:
Annealing in a protective atmosphere to
prevent discoloration of the bright surface.
Brinell Hardness Test:
A test for determining the hardness of
a material by forcing a hard steel or carbide ball of specified
diameter into it under a specified load.
Brittle Fracture:
A fracture which is accompanied by little or
no plastic deformation.
Brittleness:
The quality of a material that leads to crack
propagation without appreciable plastic deformation.
Bulk Modulus:
The measure of resistance to compressibility
of a fluid. It is the reciprocal of the compressibility.
Burnishing:
Smoothing surfaces of a work piece through
frictional contact between it and some hardened tooling.
Carbonitriding:
A case hardening process of suitable ferrous
material that is effected by the simultaneous absorption of
nitrogen and carbon into the surface of the work piece, by
heatingabove the lower transformation temperature ina suitable
gaseous atmosphere.
Cavitation:
A localized gaseous condition within a liquid stream
whichoccurswhen thepressure is reduced to thevapor pressure.
Generally occurs in pumps and suction lines where fluid velocity
is too high due to poorly sized (too small) line size.
Chatter:
The undesirable wavy surface on a machined surface,
produced by vibration of the tool, grinding wheel or work piece
itself during machining or grinding.
Chromate Treatment:
A treatment of metal in a solution of a
hexavalent chromium compound to produce a conversion coat-
ing of chromium compounds on the surface of the metal, thus
improving the resistance to corrosion.
Cold Heading:
Working metal at room temperature in such a
manner that the cross-sectional area of a portion or all of the
stock is increased.
Glossary of Key Tube Fittings,
Fluid Power and Other Engineering Terms
ColdWorking (Cold Forming):
Permanently deforming metal,
usually at room temperature, by the application of an external
force in order to produce a near net shape component.
Compressibility:
The change in volume of a unit volume of a
fluid when subjected to a unit change in pressure.
Corrosion:
The deterioration of a metal by chemical or electro-
chemical reaction with its environment.
Creep:
Time dependent strain occuring under stress. This
phenomenon may result in relaxation i.e.the relief of pre-load/
pre-stress in assembled components.
Crimping:
A swaging and squeezing operation usually used
to secure components, such as, nuts and shells to their mating
parts.
Deburring:
Removing burrs, sharp edges or fins from metal
parts usually by filing, grinding or tumbling the work in a barrel
containing suitable liquid medium and abrasives.
Density:
Ratio of the mass of an object (including fluids) to its
volume.
Diamond Pyramid Hardness Test (DPH):
An indentation
hardness test employing a 136° diamond pyramid indenter and
variable loads.
Ductility:
The ability of a metal to deform plastically (perma-
nently) without fracturing.
Dynamic Pressure Rating:
See
Easy Flo 45:
Easy Flo 45 is a trademark of the Handy &
Harman Company.
Elastic Deformation:
Change of dimensions accompanying
stress in the elastic range, original dimensions being restored
upon release of stress.
Elastomer:
Often referred to as rubber, is a high polymer that
can be, or has been modified to a state exhibiting little plastic
flow and quick recovery from an extending force.
Erosion:
Destructionofmetals or othermaterials by theabrasive
action of moving fluids, or particles.
Extrusion:
Conversion of an ingot slug or billet into lengths of
uniform cross section by plastically forcing the metal through a
die orifice having the desired cross sectional profile.
Fatigue/Endurance Limit:
The maximum stress below which
a material can presumably endure an infinite number of stress
cycles.
Fatigue Fracture:
The initiation of minute cracks, propagating
into ultimate fracture under the application of repeated or
fluctuating stresses having a maximum value less than the
tensile strength of the material.
Ferrous Metal:
A metal in which the major constituent is iron.
Fire Point:
The temperature to which a fluid must be heated to
ignite and burn for at least five seconds in the presence of air
when a small flame is applied.
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