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Parker Hannifin Corporation
Parflex Division
Ravenna, Ohio
267
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Selection, Installation & Maintenance
Foreword — This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as a guide to consider when selecting, routing, fabricating,
installing, replacing, maintaining and storing hose for fluid-power systems. It is subject to change to keep pace with ex-
perience and technical advances. For those new to hose use in fluid-power systems, this guide outlines practices to note
during each phase of system design and use. Experienced designers and users skilled in achieving proper results, as well
as the less experienced, can use this outline as a list of considerations to keep in mind.
Fluid power systems are complex and require extensive knowledge of both the system requirements and the various
types of hose. Therefore, all-inclusive, detailed, step-by-step instructions are not practical and are beyond the scope of
this document. Less experienced designers and user’s who need more information can consult specialists such as hose
suppliers and manufacturers. This guide can improve the communication process.
Safety Considerations — These recommended practices involve safety considerations; note these carefully during all
phases of design and use of hose systems. Improper selection, fabrication, installation or maintenance of hose and hose
assemblies for fluid-power systems may result in serious personal injury or property damage. These recommended
practices can reduce the likelihood of component or system failure, thereby reducing the risk of injury or damage.
1. Scope – SAE J1273 provides guidelines for selection, rout-
ing, fabrication, installation, replacement,
maintenance and storage of hose and hose assemblies for
fluid-power systems. Many of these SAE
Recommended Practices also may be suitable for other
hose and systems.
2. References
2.1 Applicable Documents – The following
publications form a part of this specification to the
extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the
latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.
SAE J343 – Test and Procedures for SAE 100 R Series
Hydraulic Hose and Hose Assemblies.
SAE J514 – Hydraulic Tube Fittings
SAE J517 – Hydraulic Hose
SAE J1927 – Cumulative Damage Analysis for
Hydraulic Hose Assemblies
2.1.2 ISO Publication – Available from ANSI, 11 West
42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.
ISO 3457 – Earth Moving Machinery–Guards and Shields–
Definitions and Specifications
3. Explanation of Terms – These explanations serve only to
clarify this document and are not intended to stand alone.
They are presented sequentially, with the former helping to
explain the latter.
3.1 Fluid Power – Energy transmitted and controlled
using pressurized hydraulic fluids or compressed air.
3.2 Hose – Flexible conductor. In this document, the term
hose may also refer to a hose assembly with related ac-
cessories used in fluid power applications.
3.3 Hose Fitting or Fitting – Connector which can be at-
tached to the end of a hose.
3.4 Hose Assembly – Hose with hose fittings
attached.
3.5 Hose Failure – Occurrence in which a hose stops
meeting system requirements.
3.6 Hose Service Life – Length of time a hose meets sys-
tem requirements without needing replacement.
4. Safety Considerations – Listed in 4.1 to 4.7 are some
potential conditions and situations that may lead to personal
injury and/or property damage. The list is not necessarily all
inclusive. Consider reasonable and feasible means, including
those described in this section, to reduce the risk of injuries
or property damage.
4.1 Fluid Injections – Fine streams of escaping pressurized
fluid can penetrate skin and enter a human body. These fluid
injections may cause severe tissue damage and loss of limb.
Consider various means to reduce the risk of fluid injections,
particularly in areas normally occupied by operators.
Consider careful routing, adjacent components, warnings,
guards, shields and training programs. Relieve pressure
before disconnecting hydraulic or other lines. Tighten all con-
nections before applying pressure. Avoid contact with escaping
fluids. Treat all leaks as though pressurized and hot enough to
burn skin. Never use any part of your body to check for hose
leaks. If a fluid-injection accident occurs, see a doctor imme-
diately. DO NOT DELAY OR TREAT AS A SIMPLE CUT! Any fluid
injected into the skin must be surgically removed within a few
hours or gangrene may result. Doctors unfamiliar with this
type of injury should consult a knowledgeable medical source.
4.2 Whipping Hose – If a pressurized hose assembly blows
apart, the fittings can be thrown off at high speed, and the
loose hose can flail or whip with great force. This is especially
true in compressible-fluid systems. When this risk exists,
consider guards and restraints to protect against injury.
4.3 Burns from Conveyed Fluids – Fluid-power media may
reach temperatures that can burn human skin. If there is risk
of burns from escaping fluid, consider guards and shields
to prevent injury, particularly in areas normally occupied by
operators.
4.4 Fire and Explosion from Conveyed Fluids – Most
fluid-power media, including fire-resistant hydraulic fluids,
will burn under certain conditions. Fluids which escape from
pressurized systems may form a mist or fine spray which can
flash or explode upon contact with an ignition source. Con-
sider selecting, guarding, and routing hose to minimize the
risk of combustion. (See Section 5 and ISO 3457).
4.5 Fire and Explosions from Static-Electric Discharge – Fluid
passing through hose can generate static electricity, resulting
in static-electric discharge. This may create sparks that can
ignite system fluids or gases in the surrounding atmosphere.
When this potential exists, select hose specifically designed to
carry the static-electric charge to ground.
Recommended Practices for Hydraulic Hose Assemblies